TCP需要进行互相连接后才可以进行传输数据;
UDP仅仅是知道IP和端口就可以进行传输数据;
Socket(套接字)编程(Tcp)
使用Tcp协议通讯需要具备以下几个条件:
(1).建立一个套接字(Socket)
(2).绑定服务器端IP地址及端口号--服务器端
(3).利用Listen()方法开启监听--服务器端
(4).利用Accept()方法尝试与客户端建立一个连接--服务器端
(5).利用Connect()方法与服务器建立连接--客户端
(6).利用Send()方法向建立连接的主机发送消息
(7).利用Recive()方法接受来自建立连接的主机的消息(可靠连接)
Socket(套接字)编程(Udp)
基于Udp协议是无连接模式通讯,占用资源少,响应速度快,延时低。至于可靠性,可通过 应用层的控制来满足。(不可靠连接)
使用Udp协议通讯需要具备以下几个条件:
(1).建立一个套接字(Socket)
(2).绑定服务器端IP地址及端口号--服务器端
(3).通过SendTo()方法向指定主机发送消息 (需提供主机IP地址及端口)
(4).通过ReciveFrom()方法接收指定主机发送的消息 (需提供主机IP地址及端口)
1.TcpSever
public static void TcpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Tcp连接模式");
Socket tcpServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
tcpServer.Bind(serverIP);
tcpServer.Listen(100);
Console.WriteLine("开启监听...");
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
try
{
TcpRecive(tcpServer.Accept());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
tcpServer.Close();
}
public static void TcpRecive(Socket tcpClient)
{
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
try
{
int length = tcpClient.Receive(data);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("收到消息:{0}",
Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
string sendMsg = "收到消息!";
tcpClient.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMsg));
}
}).Start();
}
2.TcpClient
public static void Tcpcolient(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Tcp连接模式");
Socket tcpClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
try
{
tcpClient.Connect(serverIP);
}
catch (SocketException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("连接出错:{0}", e.Message));
Console.WriteLine("点击任何键退出!");
Console.ReadKey();
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("客户端:client-->server");
string message = "我上线了...";
tcpClient.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("发送消息:{0}", message));
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
try
{
int length = tcpClient.Receive(data);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}",
DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
tcpClient.Close();
}
3.UdpServer
public static void UdpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Udp模式");
Socket udpServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
udpServer.Bind(serverIP);
IPEndPoint ipep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)ipep;
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
try
{
int length = udpServer.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);//接受来自服务器的数据
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}",
DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
string sendMsg = "收到消息!";
udpServer.SendTo(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMsg), SocketFlags.None,
Remote);
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
udpServer.Close();
}
4.UdpClient
public static void UdpClient(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Udp模式");
Socket udpClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
string message = "我上线了...";
udpClient.SendTo(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message), SocketFlags.None, serverIP);
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("发送消息:{0}", message));
IPEndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)sender;
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
try
{
int length = udpClient.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);//接受来自服务器的数据
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}",
DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
udpClient.Close();
}
5.小结
在C#中做UDP和TCP通讯对于开发者来说区别不大,因为.NET已经有完善并且成熟的公共类和方法供我们来进行相关的通讯工作,只要我们稍加学习就可以在C#中运用这两种通讯方式了;